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Agoosto 2, 2023

Wadooyinka Yurub ayaa ugu dambeyntii sameeyay dib u soo kabashada weyn ee qiimaha xamuulka, taasoo kor u kacday 31.4% hal usbuuc gudaheed. Qiimaha Transatlantic-ka ayaa sidoo kale kor u kacay 10.1% (gaarey wadarta kororka 38% dhammaan bisha Luulyo). Kor u kaca qiimahan ayaa ka qayb qaatay Tusaha Xamuulka Xamuulka ah ee Koontayneerka ee Shanghai (SCFI) ee ugu dambeeyay oo kor u kacay 6.5% ilaa 1029.23 dhibcood, dib u soo celinta heerka ka sareeya 1000 dhibcood. Isbeddelkan suuqa ee hadda jira waxa loo arki karaa inuu yahay ka tarjumid hore ee dadaalka shirkadaha maraakiibta ee kor loogu qaadayo qiimaha jidadka Yurub iyo Ameerika Agoosto.

Insiders ayaa daaha ka qaaday in kobaca mugga xamuulka ee xaddidan ee Yurub iyo Mareykanka iyo maalgashiga joogtada ah ee awoodda maraakiibta dheeraadka ah, shirkadaha maraakiibtu ay mar hore u soo dhawaadeen xadka shiraaca maran iyo jadwallada la dhimay. Haddii ay sii wadi karaan isbeddelka kor u kaca ee qiimaha xamuulka inta lagu jiro usbuuca ugu horreeya ee Agoosto waxay noqon doontaa meel muhiim ah oo indho-indheyn ah.

1-da Agoosto, shirkadaha maraakiibta ayaa lagu wadaa in ay isku daraan kororka qiimaha ee waddooyinka Yurub iyo Ameerika. Waxaa ka mid ah, dariiqa Yurub, saddexda shirkadood ee maraakiibta waaweyn ee Maersk, CMA CGM, iyo Hapag-Lloyd ayaa hormuud u ah isu diyaarinta safar qiimo leh. Sida laga soo xigtay xogta ka soo xareyaasha xamuulka, waxay heleen xigashooyinkii ugu dambeeyay ee 27th, taasoo muujinaysa in dariiqa transatlantic la filayo inuu kordho $250-400 halkii TEU (Labaatan cagood U dhigma), oo lagu beegsanayo $2000-3000 halkii TEU ee Xeebta Galbeedka Mareykanka iyo US East Coast siday u kala horreeyaan. Waddada Yurub, waxay qorsheynayaan inay kor u qaadaan qiimaha $400-500 halkii TEU, iyaga oo ujeedkoodu yahay in la kordhiyo ilaa $1600 TEU kasta.

Khubarada warshadaha ayaa aaminsan in heerka dhabta ah ee qiimaha korodhka iyo inta uu sii jiri karo si dhow loo arki doono usbuuca ugu horreeya ee Agoosto. Iyadoo tiro badan oo maraakiib cusub ah la keenayo, shirkadaha maraakiibta waxay la kulmi doonaan caqabado waaweyn. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, dhaqdhaqaaqa hogaamiyaha warshadaha, Shirkadda Maraakiibta Mediterranean, oo la kulantay koror cajiib ah oo ah 12.2% qeybtii hore ee sanadkan, ayaa sidoo kale si dhow loola socdaa.
Cusbooneysii ugu dambeysay, waa kuwan tirooyinka Tusmada Xamuulka Koontayneerka ee Shanghai (SCFI):

Jidka Transpacific (Xeebta Galbeedka Mareykanka): Shanghai ilaa US Xeebta Galbeed: $1943 halkii FEU (Afartan cagood U dhigma), koror ah $179 ama 10.15%.

Jidka Transpacific (Xeebta Bari ee Mareykanka): Shanghai ilaa Xeebta Bari ee Mareykanka: $2853 halkii FEU, koror ah $177 ama 6.61%.

Jidka Yurub: Shanghai ilaa Yurub: $975 halkii TEU (Labaatan cagood U dhigma), korodh dhan $233 ama 31.40%.

Shanghai ilaa badda Mediterranean: $1503 halkii TEU, koror ah $96 ama 6.61%. Marinka Gacanka Faaris: Qiimaha xamuulku waa $839 halkii TEU, isagoo la kulma hoos u dhac weyn oo ah 10.6% marka loo eego xilligii hore.

Marka loo eego Sarrifka Maraakiibta ee Shanghai, baahida gaadiidku waxa ay ku hadhay heer aad u sarreeya, iyada oo dheelitirnaanta dalabka sahaydu ay wanaagsan tahay, taasoo horseedaysa korodh joogto ah oo heerarka suuqa ah. Waddada Yurub, inkasta oo eurozone's Markit Composite PMI uu hoos ugu dhacay 48.9 bishii Luulyo, taas oo muujinaysa caqabadaha dhaqaale, baahida gaadiidka ayaa muujisay waxqabad wanaagsan, iyo shirkadaha maraakiibta ayaa hirgeliyay qorshooyinka kordhinta qiimaha, iyagoo kor u qaadaya sicirka sare ee suuqa.

Cusbooneysii ugu dambeysay, qiimaha xamuulka ee marinka Koonfurta Ameerika (Santos) waa $2513 TEU kasta, oo la kulma hoos u dhac toddobaadle ah oo ah $67 ama 2.60%. Waddada Koonfur-bari Aasiya (Singapore), qiimaha xamuulku waa $143 halkii TEU, iyadoo hoos u dhac toddobaadle ah uu yahay $6 ama 4.30%.

Waxaa xusid mudan in marka la barbardhigo qiimaha SCFI 30-kii June, qiimaha Jidka Transpacific (US West Coast) uu kordhay 38%, Jidka Transpacific (US East Coast) wuxuu kordhay 20.48%, marinka Yurub wuxuu kordhay 27.79%, iyadoo marinka Mediterranean-ka uu kordhay 2.52%. Qiimaha muhiimka ah ee kor u kaca 20-30% ee wadooyinka waaweyn ee Xeebta Bari ee Maraykanka, Xeebta Galbeed ee US, iyo Yurub ayaa aad uga sarraysay korodhka guud ee SCFI ee 7.93%.

Warshaduhu waxay aaminsan yihiin in kor u kacani uu gabi ahaanba horseedo go'aaminta shirkadaha maraakiibta. Warshadaha dhoofinta ayaa la kulma heerkii ugu sarreeyey ee keenista maraakiibta cusub, iyada oo si joogto ah isu urursanaysa awood cusub tan iyo bishii March, iyo rikoodh sare oo ku dhawaad ​​300,000 TEUs oo awood cusub ah oo lagu daray caalamka bishii June oo keliya. Bishii Luulyo, in kasta oo uu si tartiib tartiib ah u kordhay mugga xamuulka ee Maraykanka iyo waxoogaa horumar ah oo Yurub ah, awoodda xad-dhaafka ah ayaa weli ah mid adag in la dheefshiido, taasoo keentay isu dheelitir la'aanta baahida saadka. Shirkadaha maraakiibtu waxay dejinayeen qiimaha xamuulka iyagoo isticmaalaya shiraac madhan iyo jadwal la dhimay. Wararka xanta ah waxay soo jeedinayaan in heerka badmareenka maran ee hadda uu ku soo wajahan yahay meel xasaasi ah, gaar ahaan waddooyinka Yurub oo la bilaabay 20,000 oo markab oo cusub oo TEU ah.

Gaadiidleyda xamuulka qaada waxay xuseen in maraakiib badan aan wali si buuxda loo rarin dhammaadka Luulyo iyo horraanta Agoosto, iyo haddii shirkadaha maraakiibta ee 1-da Agoosto qiimaha kor u kaca ay u adkeysan karaan hoos u dhac kasta waxay ku xirnaan doontaa haddii ay jirto heshiis ka dhex jira shirkadaha si ay u sadqeeyaan qiimaha rarka iyo in kale. si wadajir ah u ilaali qiimaha xamuulka.

Tan iyo bilowgii sanadkan, waxaa jiray koror badan oo xadiga xamuulka qaada ee marinka Transpacific (US ilaa Asia). Bishii Luulyo, koror guul leh oo xasilloon ayaa lagu gaaray arrimo kala duwan, oo ay ku jiraan badmaaxyo badan oo maran, soo kabashada mugga xamuulka, shaqo-joojintii dekedda Kanada, iyo saameynta dhammaadka bisha.

Warshadaha maraakiibta ayaa tilmaamaya in hoos u dhaca weyn ee qiimaha xamuulka ee dariiqa Transpacific ee la soo dhaafay, kaas oo ku soo dhawaaday ama xitaa hoos uga dhacay khadka qiimaha, ayaa xoojiyay go'aanka shirkadaha maraakiibta si kor loogu qaado qiimaha. Intaa waxaa dheer, inta lagu guda jiro muddada tartanka heerka aadka u daran iyo qiimaha xamuulka ee hooseeya ee waddada Transpacific, shirkado badan oo yaryar iyo kuwa dhexdhexaad ah ayaa lagu qasbay inay ka baxaan suuqa, iyaga oo dejinaya qiimaha xamuulka ee waddada. Iyadoo mugga xamuulku uu si tartiib tartiib ah ugu kordhay dariiqa Transpacific bilihii 6aad iyo Luulyo, korodhka qiimaha ayaa si guul leh loo hirgeliyay.

Guushaan ka dib, shirkadaha maraakiibta Yurub waxay ku celceliyeen waayo-aragnimada waddada Yurub. In kasta oo ay jirtay xoogaa koror ah oo mugga xamuulka ah ee waddada Yurub dhawaan, weli waa xaddidan yahay, iyo joogteynta korodhka sicirku waxay ku xirnaan doontaa saadka suuqa iyo dhaqdhaqaaqa baahida.
WCI-gii ugu dambeeyay (Tusmada Koontaynarrada Adduunka)laga soo bilaabo Drewry waxay muujinaysaa in GRI ( Kordhinta Qiimaha Guud ), shaqo-joojinta dekedda Kanada, iyo dhimista awoodda ayaa dhammaantood saameyn gaar ah ku yeeshay marinka Transpacific (US ilaa Asia) qiimaha xamuulka. Isbeddellada WCI ee ugu dambeeyay waa sida soo socota: Shanghai ilaa Los Angeles (wadada ka gudubta US West Coast) heerka xamuulku wuxuu jabay sumadda $2000 wuxuuna degay $2072. Heerkan ayaa la arkay markii ugu dambeysay lix bilood ka hor.

Shanghai ilaa New York (Dariiqa Transpacific US East Coast) heerka xamuulku waxa uu sidoo kale kor u dhaafay sumadda $3000, oo kordhay 5% si uu u gaadho $3049. Tani waxay dejisay heer sare oo lix bilood ah.

Wadooyinka Transpacific US East iyo US West Coast waxay gacan ka geysteen korodhka 2.5% ee Drewry World Container Index (WCI), oo gaadhay $1576. Saddexdii toddobaad ee la soo dhaafay, WCI waxay kor u kacday $102, taasoo u dhiganta qiyaastii 7% koror.

Xogtaasi waxay tilmaamaysaa in qodobbada ugu dambeeyay, sida GRI, shaqo-joojinta dekedda Kanada, iyo dhimista awoodda, ay saameyn ku yeesheen qiimaha xamuulka ee dariiqa Transpacific, taasoo keentay qiimaha korodhka iyo xasilloonida.

Marka loo eego tirakoobka Alphaliner, warshadaha maraakiibtu waxay la kulmaayaan mowjadaha keenista maraakiibta cusub, iyadoo ku dhawaad ​​30 TEU ee awooda maraakiibta konteenarka la gaarsiiyo caalamka bisha Juun, taasoo calaamad u ah rikoorka ugu sarreeya ee hal bil ah. Wadarta 29 markab ayaa la keenay, celcelis ahaan ku dhawaad ​​hal markab maalintii. Isbeddelka kordhinta awoodda markabka cusub ayaa socday ilaa bishii Maarso ee sanadkan waxaana la filayaa inuu ku sii ahaado heerar sare sanadkan oo dhan iyo kan xiga.

Xogta Clarkson ayaa sidoo kale tilmaamaysa in qeybtii hore ee sanadkan, wadar ahaan 147 markab oo konteenar ah oo qaadi kara 975,000 TEU la keenay, taasoo muujinaysa koror sanadba sanadka ka dambeeya 129%. Clarkson wuxuu saadaaliyay in mugga gaarsiinta maraakiibta caalamiga ah uu gaari doono 2 milyan TEU sanadkan, warshadaha ayaa qiyaasaya in xilliga ugu sarreeya ee dhalmada ay sii socon karto illaa 2025.

Ka mid ah tobanka shirkadood ee ugu sarreeya maraakiibta konteenarrada adduunka, kobaca awoodda ugu sarreeya ee qeybtii hore ee sanadkan waxaa gaaray Yang Ming Marine Transport, oo kaalinta tobnaad galay, iyadoo koror dhan 13.3%. Kobaca awoodda labaad ee ugu sarraysa waxa gaadhay Shirkadda Maraakiibta Mediterranean-ka (MSC), oo kaalinta koowaad gashay, iyada oo korodhay 12.2%. Kobaca awoodda saddexaad ee ugu sarreeya waxaa arkay Nippon Yusen Kabushiki Kaisha (NYK Line), oo galay kaalinta toddobaad, oo leh 7.5% koror. Evergreen Marine Corporation, in kasta oo ay dhistay maraakiib badan oo cusub, waxay aragtay kobac kaliya 0.7%. Awoodda Gaadiidka badda ee Yang Ming ayaa hoos u dhacday 0.2%, Maersk waxay la kulantay hoos u dhac 2.1%. Warshadaha ayaa qiyaasaya in dhowr qandaraas oo maraakiib ah laga yaabo in la joojiyay.

DHAMAAD