iindaba

Ukuthunyelwa kwempahla ngaphandle kwe-Aprili evela e-China kukhule nge-8.5% ngonyaka-ngonyaka ngokwemiqathango yedola yaseMelika, ngaphaya kwezinto ebezilindelwe.

NgoLwesibini, i-9 ngoMeyi, uLawulo oluPhambili lwezeMthelo lukhuphe idatha ebonisa ukuba i-China yonke ingeniso kunye nokuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe kufikelele kwi-500.63 yeebhiliyoni zeedola ngo-Ephreli, okuphawula ukunyuka kwe-1.1%. Ngokukodwa, ukuthunyelwa kwempahla kumazwe angaphandle kuye kwafikelela kwi-295.42 yeebhiliyoni zeerandi, kunyuka nge-8.5%, ngelixa ukuthengwa kwamanye amazwe kufikelele kwi-205.21 yeebhiliyoni zeedola, okubonisa ukuhla kwe-7.9%. Ngenxa yoko, i-surplus yorhwebo yanda nge-82.3%, yafikelela kwi-90.21 yeebhiliyoni zeedola.

Ngokwe-yuan yaseTshayina, ukuthengiswa ngaphandle kunye nokuthunyelwa ngaphandle kweTshayina ngo-Epreli kuphelele kwi-¥3.43 yetriliyoni, emele ukonyuka kwe-8.9%. Phakathi kwezi, ukuthunyelwa kwempahla kumazwe angaphandle kubalele i-¥2.02 yetriliyoni, ikhula nge-16.8%, ngelixa ukuthengwa kwamanye amazwe kuye kwafikelela kwi-¥1.41 yetriliyoni, yehla nge-0.8%. Ngenxa yoko, intsalela yorhwebo yanda nge-96.5%, yafikelela kwi-¥618.44 yezigidigidi.

Abahlalutyi bezemali bacebisa ukuba ukukhula okuthe gqolo kokulungileyo kunyaka nonyaka kukuthunyelwa kwempahla kumazwe angaphandle ngo-Epreli kunokunxulunyaniswa nesiphumo esisezantsi.

Ngexesha lika-Epreli ka-2022, iShanghai kunye nezinye iindawo ziye zafumana incopho kumatyala e-COVID-19, okubangele isiseko esisezantsi kakhulu sokuthumela ngaphandle. Esi siphumo sisezantsi sibe negalelo ikakhulu kuhlumo oluncomekayo lonyaka nonyaka lokuthumela ngaphandle ngo-Epreli. Nangona kunjalo, izinga lokukhula kwenyanga nenyanga kuthunyelo kumazwe angaphandle nge-6.4% belisezantsi kakhulu kunesiqhelo sokuguquguquka kwamaxesha onyaka, nto leyo ebonisa ubuthathaka bokwenene bokuthumela ngaphandle kule nyanga, ihambelana nentsingiselo yehlabathi yokucotha urhwebo.

Ukuhlalutya izinto ezingundoqo, ukuthunyelwa kweemoto kunye neenqanawa kumazwe angaphandle kudlale indima ebalulekileyo ekuqhubeni urhwebo lwangaphandle ngo-Epreli. Ngokusekwe kubalo kwiyuan yaseTshayina, ixabiso leemoto ezithunyelwa ngaphandle (kubandakanywa ne-chassis) libone ukukhula konyaka-ngonyaka kwe-195.7%, ngelixa ukuthunyelwa ngaphandle kweenqanawa kunyuke nge-79.2%.

Ngokubhekiselele kumaqabane orhwebo, inani lamazwe kunye nemimandla efumana ukuhla kokukhula kwexabiso lorhwebo ngonyaka-ngonyaka ukusuka kuJanuwari ukuya ku-Epreli kwehle ukuya kwisihlanu, xa kuthelekiswa nenyanga edlulileyo, kunye nezinga lokuhla liyancipha.

Ukuthunyelwa ngaphandle kwe-ASEAN kunye ne-European Union kubonisa ukukhula, ngelixa ezo eziya e-United States nase-Japan ziyancipha.

Ngokutsho kwedatha yamasiko, ngo-Epreli, phakathi kweemarike ezintathu eziphezulu zokuthumela ngaphandle, ukuthunyelwa kwe-China kwi-ASEAN kukhule ngo-4.5% ngonyaka kwi-dollar yase-US, ukuthunyelwa kwi-European Union kwanda nge-3.9%, ngelixa ukuthunyelwa kwe-United States kwehla. nge-6.5%.

Kwiinyanga ezine zokuqala enyakeni, i-ASEAN yahlala iliqabane elikhulu lezorhwebo lase-China, norhwebo lwamazwe amabini lufikelele kwi-¥2.09 yetriliyoni, emele ukukhula nge-13.9% kwaye ithatha i-15.7% yexabiso lilonke lorhwebo lwangaphandle lwase-China. Ngokukodwa, ukuthunyelwa ngaphandle kwe-ASEAN kufikelele kwi-¥ 1.27 yetriliyoni, ikhula nge-24.1%, ngelixa ukuthengwa kwempahla evela e-ASEAN kufikelele kwi-¥820.03 yeebhiliyoni, ikhula nge-1.1%. Ngenxa yoko, intsalela yorhwebo kunye ne-ASEAN yandiswe nge-111.4%, yafikelela kwi-¥451.55 yeebhiliyoni.

IManyano yaseYurophu ibekwe njengeqabane lesibini ngobukhulu kwezorhwebo laseTshayina, urhwebo lwamazwe amabini lufikelele kwi-¥1.8 yetriliyoni, lukhule nge-4.2% kwaye lubalelwa kwi-13.5%. Ngokukodwa, ukuthunyelwa ngaphandle kwi-European Union kuye kwafikelela kwi-¥ 1.17 yetriliyoni, ikhula nge-3.2%, ngelixa izinto ezithunyelwa ngaphandle ezivela kwi-European Union zifikelele kwi-¥ 631.35 yezigidigidi, zikhula nge-5.9%. Ngenxa yoko, intsalela yorhwebo kunye ne-European Union yandiswe nge-0.3%, yafikelela kwi-¥541.46 yeebhiliyoni.

"I-ASEAN iyaqhubeka nokuba lelona qabane likhulu lezorhwebo laseTshayina, kwaye ukwanda kwi-ASEAN nakwezinye iimarike ezisahlumayo kubonelela ukomelela ngakumbi ekuthunyelweni kweTshayina." Abahlalutyi bakholelwa ukuba ubudlelwane bezoqoqosho kunye norhwebo lwe-Sino-European bubonisa indlela efanelekileyo, okwenza ubudlelwane borhwebo be-ASEAN bube yinkxaso eqinileyo yorhwebo lwangaphandle, ebonisa ukukhula okunokwenzeka kwixesha elizayo.

Okuqaphelekayo, ukuthunyelwa kwemveliso kwe-China e-Russia kufumene ukonyuka okukhulu konyaka nonyaka nge-153.1% ngo-Epreli, okuphawula iinyanga ezimbini ezilandelelanayo zokukhula okuphindwe kathathu. Abahlalutyi bacebisa ukuba oku kungenxa yokuba iRussia iphinda ithumela iimpahla zayo ezisuka eYurophu nakweminye imimandla ukuya eTshayina ngokuchasene nokwaleka kwezohlwayo zamazwe ngamazwe.

Nangona kunjalo, abahlalutyi balumkisa ukuba nangona urhwebo lwangaphandle lwaseTshayina kutshanje lubonise ukukhula okungalindelekanga, mhlawumbi kubalelwa kukwetyiswa kwemiyalelo esemva ukusuka kwikota yesine yonyaka ophelileyo. Ukuthathela ingqalelo ukwehla okuphawulekayo kwamva nje kokuthunyelwa kwempahla kumazwe angaphandle kumazwe angabamelwane afana noMzantsi Korea kunye neVietnam, imeko iyonke yemfuno yangaphandle yehlabathi isengumceli-mngeni, nto leyo ebonisa ukuba urhwebo lwangaphandle lwaseTshayina lusajongene nemingeni enzima.

Ukunyuka kwiMoto kunye nokuThunyelelwa kwamanye amazwe ngeenqanawa

Phakathi kwezinto ezingundoqo ezithunyelwa ngaphandle, ngokwemigaqo yedola yaseMelika, ixabiso leemoto ezithunyelwa ngaphandle (kuquka i-chassis) lenyuke nge-195.7% ngo-Epreli, ngelixa ukuthunyelwa kweenqanawa kwamanye amazwe kukhule nge-79.2%. Ukongeza, ukuthunyelwa kwamatyala, iingxowa, kunye nezikhongozeli ezifanayo kubone ukukhula nge-36.8%.

Imarike iye yaqaphela ngokubanzi ukuba ukuthunyelwa ngaphandle kweemoto kugcine izinga lokukhula ngokukhawuleza ngo-Epreli. Idatha ibonisa ukuba ukususela ngoJanuwari ukuya ku-Epreli, ixabiso lokuthumela ngaphandle kweemoto (kubandakanywa ne-chassis) likhule nge-120.3% ngonyaka. Ngokwezibalo ngamaziko, ixabiso lokuthumela ngaphandle kweemoto (kubandakanywa ne-chassis) linyuke nge-195.7% ngonyaka ngo-Epreli.

Okwangoku, ishishini lihlala linethemba malunga nokuthengisela ngaphandle kweemoto zaseTshayina. I-China Association of Automobile Manufacturers iqikelela ukuba ukuthengiswa kweemoto zasekhaya kuya kufikelela kwi-4 yezigidi zeemoto kulo nyaka. Ngaphaya koko, abanye abahlalutyi bakholelwa ukuba iTshayina kusenokwenzeka ukuba iyodlula iJapan ize ibe lelona lizwe lithumela iimoto kwamanye amazwe kulo nyaka.

UCui Dongshu, uNobhala-Jikelele weNkomfa eHlangeneyo yeNgcaciso yeMarike yeZithuthi zaBakhweli, wathi imarike yokuthumela ngaphandle kweemoto yaseChina ibonise ukukhula olomeleleyo kule minyaka mibini idlulileyo. Ukukhula kokuthunyelwa kwempahla kumazwe angaphandle kuqhutywa ikakhulu kukunyuka kokuthunyelwa kwezithuthi zamandla amatsha kumazwe angaphandle, okubone ukukhula okubonakalayo kumthamo wempahla ethunyelwa ngaphandle kunye nexabiso eliphakathi.

“Ngokusekwe ekulandeleni ukuthunyelwa kweemoto zase-China kwiimarike zaphesheya ngo-2023, ukuthunyelwa kumazwe angaphandle kumazwe amakhulu kubonakalise ukukhula olomeleleyo. Nangona ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe kumazwe asezantsi kwehlile, ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe kumazwe athuthukileyo kubonise ukukhula okukumgangatho ophezulu, nto leyo ebonisa ukusebenza kakuhle kokuthunyelwa kwemoto kumazwe angaphandle.

I-United States ikwinqanaba lesithathu kwiqabane elikhulu lezorhwebo lase-China, kunye norhwebo lwamazwe amabini lufikelela kwi-¥1.5 yetriliyoni, lwehla nge-4.2% kwaye lubalelwa kwi-11.2%. Ngokukodwa, ukuthunyelwa ngaphandle kwe-United States kufikelele kwi-¥ 1.09 yetriliyoni, yehla nge-7.5%, ngelixa ukuthengiswa ngaphandle kwe-United States kufikelele kwi-¥410.06 yeebhiliyoni, ukukhula nge-5.8%. Ngenxa yoko, intsalela yorhwebo kunye ne-United States inciphe nge-14.1%, yafikelela kwi-¥ 676.89 yeebhiliyoni. Ngokweedola zase-US, ukuthunyelwa kwe-China e-United States kwehle nge-6.5% ngo-Epreli, ngelixa ukuthengwa kwempahla evela e-United States kwehle nge-3.1%.

IJapan ikwinqanaba lesine leTshayina ngobukhulu iqabane lorhwebo, kunye norhwebo lwamazwe amabini lufikelela kwi-¥731.66 yeebhiliyoni, lwehle nge-2.6% kwaye lubalelwa kwi-5.5%. Ngokukodwa, ukuthunyelwa ngaphandle kwe-Japan kufikelele kwi-¥375.24 yeebhiliyoni, ikhula nge-8.7%, ngelixa ukuthengwa kwempahla evela eJapan kufikelele kwi-¥356.42 yeebhiliyoni, yehle nge-12.1%. Ngenxa yoko, intsalela yorhwebo kunye neJapan yafikelela kwi-¥18.82 yeebhiliyoni, xa kuthelekiswa nentsilelo yorhwebo ye-¥ 60.44 yeebhiliyoni ngexesha elifanayo kulo nyaka uphelileyo.

Ebudeni bexesha linye, ukuthengwa kwempahla ngaphandle kunye nokuthunyelwa ngaphandle kwaseTshayina kunye namazwe akwi-Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) yafikelela kwi-¥4.61 yetriliyoni, ikhula nge-16%. Phakathi kwezi, ukuthunyelwa kwempahla kumazwe angaphandle kuye kwafikelela kwi-¥2.76 yetriliyoni, ikhula nge-26%, ngelixa impahla ethunyelwa ngaphandle ifikelele kwi-¥1.85 yetriliyoni, ikhula nge-3.8%. Ngokukodwa, ukurhweba kunye namazwe aseMbindi Asia, afana neKazakhstan, kunye namazwe ase-West Asia kunye namazwe aseMntla Afrika, njengeSaudi Arabia, anyuke ngo-37.4% kunye ne-9.6%, ngokulandelanayo.

UCui Dongshu uphinde wachaza ukuba ngoku kukho imfuno ebalulekileyo yezithuthi zamandla amatsha eYurophu, ebonelela ngamathuba abalaseleyo okuthumela ngaphandle kweTshayina. Nangona kunjalo, kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba imarike yokuthumela ngaphandle kwiimveliso zamandla amatsha aseTshayina aphantsi koguquko olukhulu.

Ngeli xesha, ukuthunyelwa ngaphandle kweebhetri ze-lithium kunye neepaneli zelanga zaqhubeka zikhula ngokukhawuleza ngo-Epreli, zibonisa umphumo wokukhuthaza ukuguqulwa kwemveliso ye-China kunye nokuphuculwa kwezinto ezithunyelwa ngaphandle.