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NgoJulayi 19, 2023

NgoJuni 30, ixesha lendawo, iArgentina yenza imbuyekezo eyimbali ye-2.7 yeebhiliyoni zeedola (malunga ne-19.6 yeebhiliyoni zeebhiliyoni) kwityala langaphandle kwi-International Monetary Fund (IMF) isebenzisa indibaniselwano ye-IMF's Special Drawing Rights (SDRs) kunye ne-RMB yokuhlala. Oku kwaphawula ixesha lokuqala iArgentina yasebenzisa iRMB ukuhlawula ityala layo langaphandle. Isithethi se-IMF, uCzak, ubhengeze ukuba kwi-2.7 yeebhiliyoni zeerandi etyalwayo, i-1.7 yeebhiliyoni zeerandi ihlawulwe kusetyenziswa amaLungelo eMizobo aKhethekileyo e-IMF, ngelixa i-1 yebhiliyoni eseleyo yahlawulwa kwi-RMB.

Ngexesha elifanayo, ukusetyenziswa kwe-RMBeArgentina ifikelele kumanqanaba erekhodi. NgoJuni 24, iBloomberg yabika ukuba idatha evela kwiMercado Abierto Electrónico, enye yezotshintshiselwano ezinkulu zaseArgentina, ibonise ukuba iRMBiintengiselwano kwimarike yotshintshiselwano lwangaphandle yase-Argentina ifikelele kwirekhodi eliphezulu le-28% ngosuku olunye, xa kuthelekiswa nencopho yangaphambili ye-5% ngoMeyi. IBloomberg ichaze le meko ngokuthi “wonke umntu eArgentina une-RMB.”

Kutshanje, uMatthias Tombolini, uMphathi oPhantsi wezoRhwebo weSebe lezoQoqosho laseArgentina, ubhengeze ukuba ngoAprili nangoMeyi walo nyaka, iArgentina yazinzisa izinto ezithunyelwa ngaphandle ezixabisa i-2.721 yeebhiliyoni zeedola (malunga ne-19.733 yeebhiliyoni zeeyuan) nge-R.MBIbalelwa kwi-19% yetotali yempahla ethunyelwa ngaphandle kwezo nyanga zimbini.

I-Argentina ngoku ijongene nokunyuka kwamaxabiso kunye nokuhla okubukhali kwemali yayo.

Ziya zisanda iinkampani zaseArgentina zisebenzisa iRenminbi kurhwebelwano, umkhwa osondelelene nengxaki enkulu yemali yaseArgentina. Ukusukela ngo-Agasti wonyaka ophelileyo, iArgentina iye yabanjwa “kwisiphango” samaxabiso axhomis’ amehlo, ukuhla kwexabiso lemali eyothusayo, iziphithiphithi ezikhulayo ekuhlaleni, kunye neengxwabangxwaba zezobupolitika zangaphakathi. Ngokunyuka kwamaxabiso emali kuqhubeka nokunyuka kunye ne-US Federal Reserve iphakamisa inzala, i-peso yase-Argentina ijongene noxinzelelo olukhulu lokuhla. I-Argentine Central Bank kwafuneka ithengise iidola zaseMelika yonke imihla ukunqanda ukuhla kwexabiso. Ngelishwa, imeko ayikhange iphucuke kakhulu kulo nyaka uphelileyo.

Ngokutsho kweReuters, imbalela enzima ehlasele iArgentina kulo nyaka ibe nefuthe elibi kwizityalo zoqoqosho zelizwe ezifana nombona kunye neembotyi zesoya, okukhokelela ekwehleni okukhulu koovimba botshintshiselwano lwangaphandle kunye nesantya sokunyuka kwamaxabiso e-109%. Ezi zinto ziye zabeka isoyikiso kwiintlawulo zorhwebo zaseArgentina kunye nokukwazi ukuhlawula amatyala. Kwiinyanga ezili-12 ezidlulileyo, imali yase-Argentina yehla ngesiqingatha, iphawula ukusebenza kakubi kakhulu kwiimarike ezikhulayo. Oovimba bedola yaseMelika beBhanki Embindi yaseArgentina bakwelona nqanaba lisezantsi ukusukela ngo-2016, kwaye ngaphandle kokutshintsha imali, igolide, kunye nenkxaso-mali yamazwe amaninzi, olona vimba ulwelo lwedola yaseMelika alulunganga.

Ukwandisa intsebenziswano yezemali phakathi kweChina neArgentina kuye kwaphawuleka kulo nyaka. NgoAprili, iArgentina yaqalisa ukusebenzisa iRMBkwiintlawulo ezisuka eTshayina. Ekuqaleni kukaJuni, iArgentina neChina zavuselela isivumelwano sokutshintsha imali esixabisa i-130 yeebhiliyoni zeeyuan, sinyusa isabelo esikhoyo ukusuka kwi-35 yeebhiliyoni zeeyuan ukuya kwi-70 yeebhiliyoni zeeyuan. Ngaphaya koko, iKomishoni yoKhuseleko yeSizwe yaseArgentina yavuma ukukhutshwa kweRMB-i-securities ze-denominated kwimarike yendawo. Olu luhlu lwamanyathelo lubonisa ukuba intsebenziswano yezemali yase-China-Argentina ifumana amandla.

Ukwandisa intsebenziswano yezemali phakathi kweTshayina neArgentina luphawu lobudlelwane obunempilo phakathi kwamazwe amabini kwezoqoqosho norhwebo. Okwangoku, i-China lelinye lawona maqabane abalulekileyo orhwebo e-Argentina, norhwebo lwamazwe amabini lufikelele kwi-21.37 yeebhiliyoni zeerandi ngo-2022, lugqitha kwi-20 yeebhiliyoni zamanqaku okokuqala. Ngokulungisa iintengiselwano ezininzi kwiimali zazo, iinkampani zaseTshayina naseArgentina zinokunciphisa iindleko zokutshintshiselana kunye nokunciphisa umngcipheko wezinga lotshintshiselwano, ngaloo ndlela ziphucula urhwebo lwamazwe amabini. Intsebenziswano isoloko iluncedo, kwaye oku kusebenza kwintsebenziswano yezemali yaseChina-Argentina. EArgentina, ukwandisa ukusetyenziswa kweRMBinceda ukujongana neyona miba icinezelayo yasekhaya.

Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, iArgentina ibijongene nokunqongophala kweedola zaseMelika. Ekupheleni kuka-2022, ityala langaphandle lase-Argentina lafikelela kwi-276.7 yeebhiliyoni zeedola, ngelixa oovimba botshintshiselwano lwangaphandle bafikelela kwi-44.6 yeebhiliyoni zeerandi kuphela. Imbalela yakutsha nje ibe nefuthe elibonakalayo kwingeniso yezolimo yase-Argentina yokuthengisa kumazwe angaphandle, iyenza mandundu ngakumbi ingxaki yokunqongophala kweedola. Ukwandisa ukusetyenziswa kweyuan yaseTshayina kunokunceda iArgentina igcine isixa esikhulu seedola zaseMelika kunye nokunciphisa uxinzelelo koovimba botshintshiselwano lwangaphandle, ngaloo ndlela igcina amandla ezoqoqosho.

E-China, ukubandakanyeka ekutshintsheni imali kunye ne-Argentina kuzisa izibonelelo. Ngokwezibalo, ngo-Epreli nangoMeyi walo nyaka, ixabiso lezinto ezithunyelwa ngaphandle ezihlala kwi-yuan yaseShayina libalelwa kwi-19% yezinto ezithunyelwa ngaphandle kwezo nyanga zimbini. Kwimeko yokunqongophala kwe-Argentina yeedola zase-US, ukusebenzisa i-yuan yaseTshayina kwiindawo zokuhlala ngaphandle kunokuqinisekisa ukuthunyelwa kwe-China e-Argentina. Ukongeza, ukusebenzisa iYuan yaseTshayina ukuhlawula amatyala kunokunceda iArgentina inqande ukusilela kumatyala ayo, igcine uzinzo kuqoqosho olukhulu, kwaye yandise ukuzithemba kwimarike. Imeko yoqoqosho ezinzileyo e-Argentina ngokungathandabuzekiyo yimeko eyimfuneko kwintsebenziswano yoqoqosho norhwebo phakathi kweTshayina neArgentina.

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