Juni 16, 2023
01 Amachweba amaningi e-India amise ukusebenza ngenxa yesiphepho
Ngenxa yesiphepho esinamandla se-tropical "Biparjoy" esibheke emhubheni osenyakatho-ntshonalanga yeNdiya, wonke amachweba asogwini esifundazweni saseGujarat ayeke ukusebenza kuze kube kuphinde kwaphawulwa. Amachweba athintekile ahlanganisa amanye amatheminali amakhulu kuleli njengeMundra Port ephithizelayo, iPipavav Port, kanye neHazira Port.
Umuntu ongaphakathi embonini yendawo uthe, "I-Mundra Port ikumisile ukuma komkhumbi futhi ihlela ukususa yonke imikhumbi ukuze iphume." Ngokusekelwe kwizinkomba zamanje, lesi siphepho kulindeleke ukuthi sihlasele esifundeni ngoLwesine.
I-Mundra Port, ephethwe yi-Adani Group, i-conglomerate yamazwe ngamazwe ezinze eNdiya, ibaluleke kakhulu ekuhwebeni kwamabhokisi aseNdiya. Ngezinzuzo zayo zengqalasizinda kanye nendawo enamasu, isiphenduke indawo yocingo ethandwayo eyinhloko.
Yonke imikhumbi engaphansi isusiwe ezikhumulweni zemikhumbi kulo lonke elasechwebeni, futhi iziphathimandla ziyalelwe ukuthi zimise noma yikuphi ukuhamba kwemikhumbi futhi ziqinisekise ukuphepha ngokushesha kwempahla yechweba.
I-Adani Ports ithe, “Yonke imikhumbi ekhona ekhona izothunyelwa olwandle oluvulekile. Awukho umkhumbi ozovunyelwa ukuthi ugibele noma ukhukhuleke eduze kwaseMundra Port kuze kube kuneminye imiyalelo.”
Lesi siphepho, esinesivinini esilinganiselwe somoya esingamakhilomitha angu-145 ngehora, sichazwa ngokuthi "isiphepho esinamandla kakhulu," futhi umthelela waso kulindeleke ukuthi uhlale isikhathi esingangesonto, okubangela ukukhathazeka okukhulu kweziphathimandla nabathintekayo emphakathini wokuhweba.
U-Ajay Kumar, Inhloko Yezokusebenza Kwemikhumbi ePipavav Port's APM Terminal, uthe, "Igagasi eliqhubekayo lenze imisebenzi yasolwandle neyokugcina yaba inselele kakhulu futhi yaba nzima."
Isikhulu sechweba sithe, "Ngaphandle kwemikhumbi yamabhokisi, imisebenzi yeminye imikhumbi izoqhubeka nokuholwa futhi igibele izikebhe ezidonsa kuze kube yilapho isimo sezulu sivuma." Ichweba lase-Mundra kanye nechweba lase-Navlakhi ngokuhlangene liphatha cishe u-65% wokuhweba kwamabhokisi e-India.
Ngenyanga edlule, imimoya enamandla yabangela ukunqamuka kukagesi, okuphoqe ukuthi kuvalwe ukusebenza ePipavav APMT, eyamemezela ukuthi i-force majeure. Lokhu kudale ibhodlela ochungechungeni lokuhlinzeka kulesi sifunda esimatasa sokuhweba. Ngenxa yalokho, umthamo omkhulu wempahla uqondiswe kabusha e-Mundra, okubeka engcupheni enkulu ekuthembekeni kwezinsizakalo zabathwali.
I-Maersk ixwayise amakhasimende ngokuthi kungase kube nokubambezeleka kwezokuthutha ngololiwe ngenxa yokuminyana nokuvinjwa kwezitimela egcekeni likaloliwe i-Mundra.
Ukuphazamiseka okudalwe yisiphepho kuzokwengeza ukubambezeleka kwempahla. I-APMT ithe eselulekweni sakamuva samakhasimende, "Yonke imisebenzi yasolwandle netheminali e-Pipavav Port imisiwe kusukela ngoJuni 10, kanye nemisebenzi yasemhlabeni nayo yamiswa ngokushesha."
Amanye amachweba esifundeni, afana ne-Kandla Port, i-Tuna Tekra Port, ne-Vadinar Port, nawo asebenzise izindlela zokuvimbela ezihlobene nesiphepho.
02 Amachweba aseNdiya abhekana nokukhula nokuthuthuka ngokushesha
I-India ingumnotho omkhulu okhula ngokushesha kakhulu emhlabeni, futhi ibona inani elandayo lemikhumbi emikhulu efika ezikhumulweni zayo, okwenza kudingeke ukuthi kwakhiwe amachweba amakhulu.
I-International Monetary Fund (IMF) ibikezela ukuthi i-Gross Domestic Product (GDP) yase-India izokhula ngo-6.8% kulo nyaka, kanti nokuthunyelwa kwayo kwamanye amazwe nakho kukhuphuka ngokushesha. Ukuthunyelwa kwe-India kwamanye amazwe ngonyaka odlule kwafinyelela ku-$420 billion, yeqa umgomo kahulumeni wamaRandi ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingama-400.
Ngo-2022, isabelo semishini nezimpahla zikagesi ekuthengisweni kwezwe kwase-India sadlula leso semikhakha yendabuko njengezindwangu nezingubo, sibalwa ku-9.9% no-9.7% ngokulandelana.
Umbiko wakamuva we-Container xChange, inkundla yokubhukha amakhonteyina aku-inthanethi, uthe, "Uchungechunge lokuhlinzekwa komhlaba wonke luzibophezele ekuhlukaniseni kude ne-China, futhi i-India ibonakala ingenye yezindlela eziqinile."
Njengoba umnotho waseNdiya uqhubeka nokukhula futhi umkhakha wayo wokuthekelisa ukhula, ukuthuthukiswa kwamachweba amakhulu kanye nengqalasizinda yasolwandle ethuthukisiwe kuba semqoka ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nomthamo wohwebo owandayo futhi kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo zemikhumbi yamazwe ngamazwe.
Izinkampani zemikhumbi zomhlaba wonke ngempela zabela iNdiya izinsiza nabasebenzi abengeziwe. Isibonelo, inkampani yaseJalimane i-Hapag-Lloyd isanda kuthola i-JM Baxi Ports & Logistics, ichweba elizimele elihamba phambili kanye nomhlinzeki wezinsizakalo ze-inland logistics e-India.
UChristian Roeloffs, oyi-CEO ye-Container xChange, uthe, “I-India inezinzuzo ezihlukile futhi inamandla okuziphendukela ngokwemvelo ibe ihabhu yokuthutha. Ngokutshalwa kwezimali okufanele kanye nokunaka okugxilile, izwe lingazimisa njengendawo ebaluleke kakhulu ochungechungeni lokuhlinzekwa kwempahla emhlabeni jikelele. "
Ngaphambilini, i-MSC yethule isevisi entsha yase-Asia ebizwa ngokuthi i-Shikra, exhuma amachweba amakhulu e-China nase-India. Isevisi ye-Shikra, esetshenziswa yi-MSC kuphela, ithatha igama layo ohlotsheni oluncane lwe-raptor olutholakala eNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia nasezingxenyeni eziningi ze-India.
Lezi ntuthuko zibonisa ukuqashelwa okwandayo kokubaluleka kwe-India ekuhwebeni komhlaba wonke kanye ne-supply chain dynamics. Njengoba umnotho wase-India uqhubeka uthuthuka, ukutshalwa kwezimali ezikhumulweni zemikhumbi, ezokuthutha, nengqalasizinda yezokuthutha kuzoqinisa isikhundla sawo njengombambeli obalulekile ekuthuthweni kwemikhumbi nasekuhwebeni kwamazwe ngamazwe.
Ngempela, amachweba aseNdiya abhekane nezinselelo ezimbalwa kulo nyaka. NgoMashi, iThe Loadstar and Logistics Insider yabika ukuthi ukuvalwa kwendawo yokulala esetshenziswa yi-APM Terminals Mumbai (ebuye yaziwe ngokuthi yi-Gateway Terminals India) kuholele ekwehleni okukhulu komthamo, okubangele ukuminyana okukhulu echwebeni laseNhava Sheva (JNPT) , ichweba elikhulu kunawo wonke laseNdiya.
Abanye abathwali bakhethe ukukhipha iziqukathi ezihloselwe I-Nhava Sheva Port kwezinye izikhumulo, ikakhulukazi i-Mundra Port, okubangele izindleko ezibonakalayo kanye neminye imiphumela yabangenisa kwamanye amazwe.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngoJuni, umzila wesitimela wenzeka e-Kolkata, inhloko-dolobha yaseWest Bengal, okwaholela ekushayisaneni okunamandla nesitimela esasiza ngesikhathi bobabili behamba ngesivinini esiphezulu.
I-India ibilokhu ibhekene nezinkinga eziqhubekayo ezisukela engqalasizinda yayo enganele, okubangela ukuphazamiseka ekhaya kanye nomthelela ekusebenzeni kwechweba. Lezi zehlakalo zigqamisa isidingo sokutshalwa kwezimali okuqhubekayo kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwengqalasizinda ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza kahle nokuthembeka kwamachweba ase-India namanethiwekhi ezokuthutha.
PHELA
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jun-16-2023